Research and Innovative Approaches
Across the U.S., hundreds of communities are taking important steps to ensure sufficient, affordable, quality child care for all families. At the same time, researchers and advocates work to analyze existing programs and develop new solutions to our nation's most pressing child care issues. These materials describe other communities' work and provide links to further research.
Special journal issue
A special issue of the International Journal of Economic Development features a set of articles about child care and economic deveopment, and was edited by Mildred Warner.
Recent reports, articles, and briefs
- Warner, M.E. 2008. (Not) Valuing Care: A Review of Recent Popular Economic Reports on Early Education in the U.S., Feminist Economics, forthcoming.
- Warner, M.E. and George Haddow, 2007. "Child Care: An Essential Service for Disaster Recovery," Save the Children Issue Brief #3 June, 2007.
- Warner, M.E., Kristen Anderson and George Haddow, 2007. "Putting Child Care in the Picture: Why this service is a critical part of community infrastructure," Planning, (June 2007): 16-19.
- Morrissey, Taryn and M.E. Warner 2007. “Why Early Care and Education Deserves as Much Attention, or More, than Prekindergarten Alone” Applied Developmental Science, 11(2): 57-70.
- Kay, David L., James E. Pratt and Mildred E. Warner. 2007. Role of Services in Regional Economy Growth, Growth and Change 38(3):419-442.
- Warner, M.E. 2007 “Planning for Inclusion: The Case of Child Care,” Practicing Planner, 5(1) March 2007.
- Issue briefs from the Spring 2006 economic development and child care conference:
- New York State Survey on Economic Development and Child Care
- Community Coalitions for Child Care
- Labor Force Trends and the Role of Child Care in New York
- Economic Development Planning
- Driving Transportation and Child Care Together
- Financing Child Care: Banking Finance and Federal Community Development Funds
- Warner, M.E. ed. 2006 Articulating the Economic Importance of Child Care, Special Issue of Community Development: Journal of the Community Development Society 37(2).
- Warner, M.E. and Zhilin Liu 2006. The Importance of Child Care in Economic Development: A Comparative Analysis of Regional Economic Linkage, Economic Development Quarterly 20(1):97-103.
- Warner, M. E. Child Care and Economic Development: The Role for Planners, PAS Memo, American Planning Association. Jan/Feb 2006.
- Warner, M. E., & Liu, Z. 2005. Regional economic development and local services: The case of child care. International Journal of Economic Development, 7(1):25-64.
- Stoney, L. 2005. Beyond the Comfort Zone: New Ideas for the Early Care and Education Industry. Ithaca, NY and Raleigh, NC: Cornell Univ. Dept of City and Regional Planning and National Smart Start Technical Assistance Center.
- Warner, M., Adriance, S., Barai, N., Hallas, J., Markeson, B, Morrissey, T. & Soref, W. 2004. Economic Development Strategies to Promote Quality Child Care, Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Dept of City and Regional Planning. (A brochure version is also available.)
- Shellenback, K. 2004. Child Care and Parent Productivity: Making the Business Case, Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Dept of City and Regional Planning.
- Liu, Zhilin, Rosaria Ribeiro and Mildred Warner, 2004. Comparing Child Care Multipliers in the Regional Economy: Analysis from 50 States, Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Dept of City and Regional Planning. (A brochure version is also available.)
- Stoney, L. 2004. Framing Child Care as Economic Development: Lessons from Early Studies. Ithaca NY: Cornell Univ. Dept of City and Regional Planning.
- Ribeiro, Rosaria and Mildred Warner 2004. Measuring the Regional Economic Importance of Early Child Care and Education: The Cornell Methodology Guide. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Dept of City and Regional Planning.
- Stoney, Louise 2004. Collective Management of Early Childhood Programs: Approaches that Aim to Maximize Efficiency, Help Improve Quality and Stabilize the Industry. Ithaca, NY and Raleigh, NC: Cornell Univ. and the National Smart Start Technical Assistance Center.
- Warner, Mildred, Rosaria Ribeiro, & Amy Erica Smith. 2003. “Addressing the Affordability Gap: Framing Child Care as Economic Development.” Journal of Affordable Housing and Community Development, 12(3)pp 294-313.
Recent state and local reports
- "Using Child Care Economic Impact Studies to Support Change" - Summary of a conference call, held on December 7th, 2004, with Marcia Meyer (California) and Ellen Pratt (Vermont). The call, moderated by Louise Stoney, provided concrete examples of how economic impact studies can be used to generate additional funding and support for an early childhood agenda at both the state and local level.
- New York: Read the executive summary or the full text of the report "Investing in New York: An Economic Analysis of the Early Care and Education Sector", prepared by the Department of City and Regional Planning at Cornell University.
- Kansas: Read the Executive Summary of the report "Investing in the Child Care Industry: An Economic Development Strategy for Kansas", or read the Final Report.
- Long Island: Read the report The Child Care Industry: An Integral Part of Long Island’s Economy.
Recent PowerPoint presentations
- Understanding the Impact of Child Care on Local Economies, PowerPoint presentation from the Child Care Bureau Research Symposium, April 15, 2004
Conference calls
- On January 10, 2006, the Shared Services Learning Community held a conference call to explore various administrative approaches/governance strategies for shared service alliances. Handouts from the call are available here.
Child Care and Economic Development
Special Issue: International Journal of Economic Development
Volume 9 Numbers 3 and 4, 2007
Table of Contents
- Warner, Mildred E., editor 2007. Child Care and Economic Development: Markets, Households and Public Policy, International Journal of Economic Development, 9(3): 111-121.
- Davis, Elizabeth E., Marcie Jefferys, 2007. Child Care Subsidies, Low-Wage Work and Economic Development, International Journal of Economic Development, 9(3): 122-158.
- Covington, Kenya, 2007. Evidence of Dynamic Geographic Shifts in Metropolitan Child Care Markets Over the 1990s, International Journal of Economic Development, 9(3):159-204.
- Lim, Youngok, Diane Schilder, Ben Chauncey, 2007. Supporting Parents through Head Start-Child Care Center Partnerships, International Journal of Economic Development, 9(3): 205-238.
- Pratt, James E. ,2007. An Input-Output Approach to Valuing Non-Market Household Time, International Journal of Economic Development, 9(4): 239-268.
- Prentice, Susan, 2007. Childcare, the ÔBusiness CaseƠ and Economic Development: Canadian Evidence, Opportunities and Challenges, International Journal of Economic Development, 9(4): 269-300.
- Sabo, Jason, 2007. Commentary: Dancing the Dance of Capitulation: The Economic Development Rationale and the Politics of Kids. International Journal of Economic Development, 9(4): 301-306.
Articulating the Economic Importance of Child Care for Community Development
Special Issue: Community Development: Journal of the Community Development Society
Volume 37 No 2, June 2006.
This special issue, edited by Mildred E. Warner, focuses on the economic significance of child care in three areas: the importance of child care for the long term prospects of children, child care’s importance for parents as workers and child care purchasers, the importance of the child care industry for regional economies.
The papers, by an interdisciplinary array of leading experts, address a range of issues, including:
- concerns about the conceptual and methodological approaches to regional economic modeling.
- parent child care choices and labor force participation.
- the impact of early education on children.
- core principles for more comprehensive policy.
The papers in this special issue were first presented at a workshop on ‘Articulating the Economic Significance of Child Care’, held at Cornell University on May 17-18, 2005, and supported by the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. The broad contributions of this array of experts make this special issue useful and exciting.
Table of Contents
- Overview: Articulating the Economic Importance of Child Care for Community Development, Mildred E. Warner, Cornell University
- Putting Child Care in the Regional Economy: Empirical and Conceptual Challenges and Economic Development Prospects, Mildred E. Warner, Cornell University
- Beyond Looking Backward: Is Child Care a Key Economic Sector?, James Pratt and David Kay, Cornell University
- Rethinking the Child Care Sector, Nancy Folbre, University of Massachusetts-Amherst
- Choice and Accommodation in Parental Child Care Decisions, Marcia K. Meyers and Lucy Jordan, University of Washington
- Child Care, Female Employment and Economic Growth, Jean Kimmel, Western Michigan University
- Costs, Benefits, and The Long-Term Effects Of Preschool Programs, W. Steven Barnett and Debra J. Ackerman, National Institute for Early Education Research, Rutgers University
- Smarter Reform: Moving Beyond Single Program Solutions to an Early Care and Education System, Louise Stoney, Anne Mitchell, Alliance for Early Education Finance & Mildred E. Warner, Cornell
For a free copy of this special issue, send your name and address to taschelling@smartstart-nc.org at the Smart Start National Technical Assistance Center.
Other Work
- The database of Child Care Economic Impact studies contains information about completed and in-progress studies across the United States and Canada.
- Innovative Approaches. A fact sheet on what's going on in child care finance in other areas.
- Financing Child Care. A summary of a report by Ann Mitchell, Louise Stoney, and Harriett Dichter on public and private child care financing strategies throughout the U.S.
- Looking Into New Mirrors. A summary of a Louise Stoney paper describing financing and provider network strategies from other policy fields, including health care, higher education, transportation, and housing.
- Annotated Bibliography. Research on child care policy.
- Websites. Links to sources of child care data and useful websites.
Two Rationales for Greater Investment in Child Care
- Helburn, Suzanne W., & Bergmann, Barbara R. (2002). America’s Child Care Problem: The Way Out. New York : Palgrave.
- Harrington, Mona. (1999). Care and Equality: Inventing a New Family Politics. New York : Knopf.
There is a need for greater investment in a care system in the United States. Both Harrington and Helburn and Bergmann’s books present different rationales for this investment. Harrington approaches the issue as a societal ideological problem. Presently, care is seen as a private family problem rather than a systemic public responsibility. Traditionally, the burden of family care has fallen on women’s shoulders, impeding their quest for equality. Harrington asserts that until care is viewed as a systemic societal issue, women will not achieve economic or opportunity equality. She describes the political bases and the ideological moves necessary for altering these pervasive ideologies. Although they conclude with the same recommendation of increased public investment, Helburn and Bergmann approach the issue in a different light. Specifically focused on child care, the authors state that high quality child care is a merit good, resulting in benefits for society as a whole, and thus it is in society’s best interest to invest in high quality, affordable child care. Rather than centering on politics, Helburn and Bergmann focus on the market failures inherent in the structure of the child care sector and how to address these problems.
